File: RayInstall.sh

# RayInstall.sh
#
# Ubuntu Intrepid & Hardy
#
# A very simple Bash Script file to automate installation of necessary
# softwares for PHP-MySQL development and desktop uses in a ubuntu box
#
# This may take several hours or even days depending on your internet connection speed.
#	It tooks 8 Hours for me with about 70-130 KBps of speed
#
# @uses Aplication -> Accesories -> Terminal
#		Now write following command "sudo sh ./RayInstall.sh" without quotes
#		and press enter button on your keyboard
#
# @author ray@raynuxcom
# @licence GPL

#
# For PHP-MySQL Based Development
#

# Install Apache version 2 web server
apt-get -y install apache2 apache2-doc

# Install PHP with necessary modules
apt-get -y install php5 libapache2-mod-php5 php5-cli
apt-get -y install php5-curl php5-dev php5-gd php5-gmp php5-imap php5-ldap php5-mcrypt php5-mhash php5-ming php5-odbc php5-pspell php5-snmp php5-sybase php5-tidy curl libwww-perl imagemagick

# Install MySQL Database server
apt-get -y install mysql-server php5-mysql mysql-gui-tools-common

#Restart apache
/etc/init.d/apache2 restart

# Install Webmin, A web based frontend for linux box.
apt-get -y install webmin

# Install Subversion & Rapidsvn a subversion gui client tools
apt-get -y install subversion
apt-get -y install rapidsvn

#Install Doxygen, An documentation tools for PHP Application
apt-get -y install doxygen doxygen-gui doxygen-doc graphviz

# Install Phpmyadmin, A web based mysql administration tools
apt-get -y install phpmyadmin

# Install Java runtime for Eclipse PDT to work properly
apt-get -y install sun-java6-bin sun-java6-jdk sun-java6-jre

# Install Eclipse PDT
# Just download the pdt-all-in-one peckage from zend site
# http://downloads.zend.com/pdt/all-in-one/pdt-1.0.3.R20080603_debugger-5.2.14.v20080602-all-in-one-linux-gtk.tar.gz
# Unpack it in a suitable location.
# run eclipse/eclipse from the unpacked folder and you are done
# Now install Subclipse plugin using eclipse update tools

#
# Graphics, 2D and 3D Modeling Softwares & tools
#

# Install inkscape, An Illustrator alternative
apt-get -y install inkscape

# Install dia and graphical UML modeling tools
apt-get -y install dia

# Install Scribus, An alternative to Adobe Pagemaker
apt-get -y install scribus

# Install Cheese,  Webcam Software, a video and photo shoot application with cool effects for the GNOME desktop
apt-get -y install webcam cheese

# Install QCAD, and linux alternative to CAD Program.
apt-get -y install qcad

# Install Blender, Linux alternative for 3D Modeling
apt-get -y install blender

#
# Misc. Tools
#

# Install Wine, to run windows program
apt-get -y install wine

# Install XChm to read CHM Help file and Manual
apt-get -y install xchm

#
# Multimedia Players and codec
#

# Install GStreamer restricted codec to run mp3 and other media file
apt-get -y install gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad

# XMMS2 Media player
apt-get -y install xmms2 gxmms2

# Install vlc player, An alternative media player. Can play DVD file with title
apt-get -y install vlc vlc-plugin-*

# Install GXINE, Another media player suitable for DVD Playback.
apt-get -y install gxine xine-plugin gxineplugin

# Install Amarok music player
apt-get -y install amarok

# Install k3b, A dvd burner application
apt-get -y install k3b

#
# Network and internet tools
#

# Install OpenSSH server to access your ubuntu box remotely
apt-get -y install openssh-server

#Install gnome-network-admin, not available in default ubuntu 8.10
apt-get -y install gnome-network-admin

# Install Webhttrack, Website copier tools for linux
apt-get -y install webhttrack

# Install kopete instant messenger
apt-get -y install kopete

# install Internet Explorer in Ubuntu (Experimental)
apt-get -y install wine
apt-get -y install cabextract
	#run the following command manually to install IE
# wget http://www.tatanka.com.br/ies4linux/downloads/ies4linux-latest.tar.gz
# tar zxvf ies4linux-latest.tar.gz
# cd ies4linux-*
# ./ies4linux

If you are using Ubuntu on your computer and want to automate the installation process utilising this script then perform the following steps:

• Create a file name RayInstall.sh in you home folder.
• Copy and paste the above code inside the the file and save it.
• Open a terminal window from Applications -> Accessories -> Terminal
• Write the following command
• sudo sh ./RayInstall.sh
• press Enter
• Now it will start installing all the softwares listed in the script and you may need to provide some information during installation process when needed.

This script may be helpful for newbies. If you have any comment or suggestion regarding this script please let me know as I am also a newbie in Ubuntu.

First you need to create a table in MySQL Database to store the image data. Log into you database and run the following sql command:
CREATE TABLE  `images` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
`name` varchar(100) default NULL,
`size` int(11) default NULL,
`type` varchar(20) default NULL,
`content` mediumblob,
PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)
) ENGINE=MyISAM;

Once the table have been created, we are ready to write codes. Now create a folder in you webserver named rayImg and create image.php and upload.php files inside the folder.

Open the image.php, copy and paste the following code and save it.

File: image.php

<?php
	/**
	 * Display image form database
	 *
	 * Retrive an image from mysql database if image id is provided.
	 *
	 * @example to display a image with image id 1, place <img src="image.php?id=1" > in your html file.
	 *
	 * @author Md. Rayhan Chowdhury
	 * @copyright www.raynux.com
	 * @license LGPL
	 */

	// verify request id.
	if (empty($_GET['id']) || !is_numeric($_GET['id'])) {
		echo ‘A valid image file id is required to display the image file.’;
		exit;
	}

	$imageId = $_GET['id'];

	//connect to mysql database
	if ($conn = mysqli_connect(’localhost’, ‘root’, ‘root’, ‘test’)) {
		$content = mysqli_real_escape_string($conn, $content);
		$sql = “SELECT type, content FROM images where id = {$imageId}”;

		if ($rs = mysqli_query($conn, $sql)) {
			$imageData = mysqli_fetch_array($rs, MYSQLI_ASSOC);
			mysqli_free_result($rs);
		} else {
			echo “Error: Could not get data from mysql database. Please try again.”;
		}
		//close mysqli connection
		mysqli_close($conn);

	} else {
		echo “Error: Could not connect to mysql database. Please try again.”;
	}	

	if (!empty($imageData)) {
		// show the image.
		header(”Content-type: {$imageData['type']}”);
		echo $imageData['content'];
	}
?>

Now open the update.php, copy and paste the following code and save it.

File: upload.php

<?php
/**
 * Upload an image to mysql database.
 *
 *
 *
 * @author Md. Rayhan Chowdhury
 * @copyright www.raynux.com
 * @license LGPL
 */

// Check for post data.
if ($_POST && !empty($_FILES)) {
	$formOk = true;

	//Assign Variables
	$path = $_FILES['image']['tmp_name'];
	$name = $_FILES['image']['name'];
	$size = $_FILES['image']['size'];
	$type = $_FILES['image']['type'];

	if ($_FILES['image']['error'] || !is_uploaded_file($path)) {
		$formOk = false;
		echo “Error: Error in uploading file. Please try again.”;
	}

	//check file extension
	if ($formOk && !in_array($type, array(’image/png’, ‘image/x-png’, ‘image/jpeg’, ‘image/pjpeg’, ‘image/gif’))) {
		$formOk = false;
		echo “Error: Unsupported file extension. Supported extensions are JPG / PNG.”;
	}
	// check for file size.
	if ($formOk && filesize($path) > 500000) {
		$formOk = false;
		echo “Error: File size must be less than 500 KB.”;
	}

	if ($formOk) {
		// read file contents
		$content = file_get_contents($path);

		//connect to mysql database
		if ($conn = mysqli_connect(’localhost’, ‘root’, ‘root’, ‘test’)) {
			$content = mysqli_real_escape_string($conn, $content);
			$sql = “insert into images (name, size, type, content) values (’{$name}’, ‘{$size}’, ‘{$type}’, ‘{$content}’)”;

			if (mysqli_query($conn, $sql)) {
				$uploadOk = true;
				$imageId = mysqli_insert_id($conn);
			} else {
				echo “Error: Could not save the data to mysql database. Please try again.”;
			}

			mysqli_close($conn);
		} else {
			echo “Error: Could not connect to mysql database. Please try again.”;
		}
	}
}
?>

<html>
	<head>
		<title>Upload image to mysql database.</title>
		<style type=”text/css”>
			img{
				margin: .2em;
				border: 1px solid #555;
				padding: .2em;
				vertical-align: top;
			}
		</style>
	</head>
	<body>
		<?php if (!empty($uploadOk)): ?>
			<div>
		  		<h3>Image Uploaded:</h3>
		  	</div>
			<div>
				<img src=”image.php?id=<?=$imageId ?>” width=”150px”>
				<strong>Embed</strong>: <input size=”25″ value=’<img src=”image.php?id=<?=$imageId ?>”>’>
			</div>

			<hr>
		<? endif; ?>

		<form action=”<?=$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']?>” method=”post” enctype=”multipart/form-data” >
		  <div>
		  	<h3>Image Upload:</h3>
		  </div>
		  <div>
		  	<label>Image</label>
		  	<input type=”hidden” name=”MAX_FILE_SIZE” value=”500000″>
			<input type=”file” name=”image” />
		    <input name=”submit” type=”submit” value=”Upload”>
		  </div>
		</form>
	</body>
</html>

Replace line

mysqli_connect(’localhost’, ‘root’, ‘root’, ‘test’)

with

mysqli_connect(’your host’, ‘your username’, ‘your password’, ‘your database name’)

in both the file and save again.

You are done. Open upload.php from your browser and upload you desired image and view the uploaded image.

Here are some photos of the tour taken by my Motorola V3i mobile phone.

View all pictures: http://www.flickr.com/photos/raynux/tags/fk15nov/

In both Fedora and Ubuntu this task includes two basic steps. These are:

• Enter into your existing hard disk linux system.
• Setup GRUB Boot Loader using GRUB program.

a. Enter into your existing hard disk linux system.

Fedora 7:

In fedora recovering grub is easy task as fedora automatically mount the existing system image to /mnt/sysimage in rescue mode.

1. Insert the fedora installation cd to boot from cd.
2. When the boot menu appear enter the rescue mode. A message will be prompt saying mounting the existing fedora system on /mnt/sysimage, click ok.
3. In rescue mode you will be in a shell
4. Enter the following command
   #chroot /mnt/sysimage
5. Now you are in your existing fedora operating system.

Ubuntu 8.04 LTS:

In ubuntu you will have to mount the existing system image manually.

1. Insert the ubuntu live cd and start a live session from cd.
2. open the terminal window
3. the following command will display currently mounted device or harddisk partitions
   #df -h
4. get the device name for /boot if exists or / (root) partition say /dev/sda9.
5. enter the following command
   #sudo mkdir ubuntu
#sudo mount -t ext3 /dev/sda9 ubuntu
6. If you have separate /usr partition say /dev/sda7 enter the following command too.
   #sudo mount -t ext3 /dev/sda7 ubuntu/usr

7. Enter the following command to mount /proc and /dev and change chroot.
   #sudo mount -t proc none ubuntu/proc
#sudo mount -o bind /dev/ ubuntu/dev
#sudo chroot ubuntu /bin/bash
8. Now you are in your existing ubuntu operating system.

b. Setup GRUB Boot Loader using GRUB program.

In grub you are mainly required to find the boot device and set the root to bood device.

1. Insert the ubuntu live cd and start a live session from cd.
   #grub
2. Find the existing boot device using following command. Which will out put something like (hd0,0) or (hd0,5) say (hdX,Y).
   #grub> find /boot/grub/stage1
3. Use the above output in the following two commands.
   #grub> root (hdX,Y)
#grub> setup (hdX)
#grub> quit
4. if everything is ok then you are done. just reboot the system.

This article is completely based on my current experience and I am still a newbie in linux environment. so there may have sevaral other options to do the same task.

It was Sunday, August 17, 2008. I got up at 10:00 O’clock because it was a government holiday. Probir came to my room saying about going some where. I was not prepare for this, in a sudden I told him to go Sonargoan of Esha Khan. Then I and probir convinced Zaed to accompany us which took about 1 hour.

Finally we started our journey toward Sonargoan at 11:30 AM from. Because of holiday we managed to reach there at about 1 pm. It was an imaging journey as none of we ever visited the place. We were in the dream when we entered the narrow street of Panam city. All the building standing two sides of the road were about 3 hundred years old. Most of them were in danger and any time could collapse. We learned the architecture of the then era. The structure of the building was our main subject as all of we were civil engineer. All the buildings were made using lime-concrete technology. In some building steel joist was used to bear the load of slab but most of the buildings were made of lime-concrete only even in the tension zone like slab. In the tension zone they used brick blocks in 45 degree angle so that they can act as compression member to resist tension like arch do. We found visible cracks here and there in most of the buildings. It was really a good experience for us.

But what we found was all the buildings were decaying and emergency look after and quality renovation work is highly required. The government is doing for some renovation work which is not sufficient. We need to save it because it is our Heritage. Finally we returned home with a great memory.

Tour Pictures

All the pictures were taken by mobile phone.

(I, Probir and our two little guide ridoy and autip.)

(I was thinking ….?)

(Picture of a dangerous slabs see bricks are in 45 degree angle.)

(Close view of a decaying wall made of lime concrete)

(Zaed, what is he doing with his guava)

View Photo Album of Panam Tour >

Here is a single command what can solve the problem if you have internet connection.


# yum -y install gstreamer*


This command will automatically find, download and install the GStreamer mp3 codec for you. Then you can enjoy the mp3 song with your favorite music player.

You can download xmms one of the popular mp3 player on your fedora system. It is a Winamp alternative to linux. To install this software enter the following command.


# yum -y install xmms*


After installing xmms you will find the menu Application -> Sound & Video -> Audio Player to launch the xmms player.

After a fresh fedora installation I enter the following command in the shell. This command creates a wvdial configuration file for my modem.

# wvdialconf /etc/wvdial.conf

Now I need to modify some contents of wvdial.conf file. To do so I open the /etc/wvdial.conf using VI or other text editor. And replace the content of the file with the following text and save it.

[Dialer Defaults]
Modem = /dev/ttyACM0
Baud = 460800
Init1 = ATZ
Init2 = ATQ0 V1 E1 S0=0 &C1 &D2 +FCLASS=0
ISDN = 0
Modem Type = USB Modem
Phone = *99#
Username = A
Password = B
Stupid Mode = 1

I make sure to set username = A, Password=B and Stupid Mode = 1 and do not modify the line

Modem = .....

as this is my device name (this line can very with your phone set). Now whenever I need to connect to internet I just enter the following command to the shell.

# wvdial

Thats all. Same way you can turn your mobile set to internet from fedora with no or little modification.

def whats_on_the_telly(penguin=None):
    if penguin is None:
        penguin = []
    penguin.append(”property of the zoo”)
    return penguin
  
def another_func():
    return 1

Here, the function definition ends at after a blank line followed by another definition. I was disappointed with this features of Python and found it is confusing for a large code base for manageability.

As a result I moved to Ruby. After installing Ruby in my PC I started learning the basics of Ruby Language. I have found some interesting features in Ruby language. But I am not impressed with some features like the way of return statement in a function definition.

This is my opinion as a beginner. Yet, I want to try both of them.